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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

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Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
10:03

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: June 27, 2025

360

Imaging and Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Time to Include Right Ventricular Assessment.

Faisal Alandejani1, Abdul Hameed1,2, Euan Tubman1

  • 1Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|April 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Risk stratification for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) should include right ventricular (RV) function metrics, not just right atrial area. RV metrics accurately identify low-risk PAH patients, improving treatment guidance.

Keywords:
cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI)pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)pulmonary hypertensionright atrial arearight ventricular (RV)risk stratification

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Current guidelines recommend risk stratification for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) to maintain a low-risk status.
  • Treatment aims to improve or maintain low-risk status, defined by <5% 1-year mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) parameters for risk stratification in PAH patients.
  • To determine if right atrial (RA) area or right ventricular (RV) function metrics are superior for identifying low-risk PAH patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 311 treatment-naïve PAH patients from the ASPIRE registry undergoing cMRI.
  • Inclusion of 121 patients with follow-up cMRI data.
  • Statistical analysis including Kaplan-Meier curves and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Measures of RV function (RVEF, RV end systolic volume) and RA area showed prognostic value.
  • Only RV metrics effectively identified patients in a low-risk status.
  • Age and RVEF were independent predictors of 1-year mortality, while RA area was not.

Conclusions:

  • RV function metrics are crucial for accurate risk stratification in PAH.
  • Guidelines should incorporate RV function measures, not solely RA area, for improved patient management.
  • This study emphasizes the importance of objective RV assessment in PAH care.