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HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Published on: July 20, 2016
Small nucleolar RNA is potential as a novel player in leukemogenesis and clinical application
Li-Min Lin1, Qi Pan1, Yu-Meng Sun1
1MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China.
Abstract:
Lack of clarity of the mechanisms that underlie leukemogenesis obstructs the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of leukemia. Research has found that small nuclear RNA (snoRNA) plays an essential role in leukemia. These small non-coding RNAs are involved in ribosome biogenesis, including the 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA), and pre-rRNA splicing. Recently, many snoRNAs were found to be orphans that have no predictable RNA modification targets, but these RNAs have always been found to be located in different subcellular organelles, and they play diverse roles. Using high-throughput technology, snoRNA expression profiles have been revealed in leukemia, and some of the deregulated snoRNAs may regulate the cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in leukemic cells and confer drug resistance during leukemia treatment. In this review, we discuss the expression profiles and functions of snoRNAs, particularly orphan snoRNAs, in leukemia. It is possible that the dysregulated snoRNAs are promising diagnosis and prognosis markers for leukemia, which may serve as potential therapeutic targets in leukemia treatment.
Insights
Small nuclear RNAs (snoRNAs) are crucial in leukemia development and progression. Dysregulated snoRNAs show potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for leukemia treatment.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- Leukemogenesis mechanisms remain unclear, hindering leukemia diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
- Small nuclear RNAs (snoRNAs) are implicated in ribosome biogenesis and RNA modification.
- Orphan snoRNAs, lacking predictable targets, are found in various subcellular locations with diverse functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the expression profiles and functions of snoRNAs, especially orphan snoRNAs, in leukemia.
- To explore the potential of snoRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers for leukemia.
- To discuss snoRNAs as potential therapeutic targets in leukemia treatment.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of high-throughput technology data to reveal snoRNA expression profiles in leukemia.
- Review of existing literature on snoRNA functions in cellular processes relevant to leukemia.
- Investigation of the role of deregulated snoRNAs in leukemic cell behavior and drug resistance.
Main Results:
- SnoRNA expression profiles are altered in leukemia.
- Deregulated snoRNAs can influence cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in leukemic cells.
- Some snoRNAs contribute to drug resistance during leukemia therapy.
Conclusions:
- Dysregulated snoRNAs are promising diagnostic and prognostic markers for leukemia.
- Orphan snoRNAs play diverse roles in leukemia and warrant further investigation.
- SnoRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets for novel leukemia treatments.
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