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Using item response theory to develop and refine patient-reported outcome measures.

Tam H Nguyen1, Christopher S Lee1,2, Miyong T Kim3

  • 1William F Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Maloney Hall 362AC, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.

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Summary

Item response theory (IRT) offers a powerful alternative to Classical Test Theory (CTT) for developing patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in nursing. This approach helps address measurement challenges and refine PRO tools for better research and practice.

Keywords:
InstrumentItem response theoryModern measurement theorySurvey development

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Research
  • Psychometrics
  • Health Outcomes Measurement

Background:

  • Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are integral to nursing research and practice.
  • Classical Test Theory (CTT) has traditionally guided the development of PRO measures.
  • Existing measurement challenges persist with the CTT framework.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce Item Response Theory (IRT) as an advanced psychometric approach.
  • Illustrate IRT's application in enhancing the development and refinement of PRO measures.
  • Provide foundational concepts for interpreting key IRT parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual paper outlining Item Response Theory (IRT) principles.
  • Focus on the application of IRT in the context of PRO measurement.
  • Emphasis on the interpretation of essential IRT parameters.

Main Results:

  • IRT provides a robust framework for addressing limitations of CTT in PRO development.
  • Understanding IRT parameters is crucial for creating more precise and valid PRO instruments.
  • IRT facilitates the refinement of existing PRO measures and the creation of new ones.

Conclusions:

  • Item Response Theory (IRT) offers significant advantages over Classical Test Theory (CTT) for PRO measure development.
  • Adoption of IRT can lead to more accurate and reliable patient-reported outcome data in nursing.
  • Further exploration and application of IRT are recommended for advancing nursing science.