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[miRNA Regulome in Different Atherosclerosis Phenotypes].

M S Nazarenko1,2,3, I A Koroleva1, A A Zarubin1

  • 1Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050 Russia.

Molekuliarnaia Biologiia
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Summary

MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is linked to atherosclerosis and related conditions like heart disease and stroke. This review examines miRNA gene changes, DNA methylation, and genetic variations in atherosclerotic arteries.

Keywords:
DNA methylationatherosclerosiscopy number variationsexpressionischemic heart diseaseischemic strokemicroRNA regulomemyocardial infarctionsingle nucleotide variants

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is implicated in cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, chronic cerebral ischemia, and ischemic stroke.
  • Emerging research focuses on the miRNA regulome, encompassing regulatory elements controlling miRNA expression and their target genes.
  • Understanding these regulatory networks is crucial for comprehending disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on miRNA expression and its alterations in human atherosclerotic arteries.
  • To analyze the role of DNA methylation in miRNA genes within the context of atherosclerosis.
  • To investigate the association between genetic variations (SNPs, CNVs) in miRNA genes and clinical complications of atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating miRNA expression, DNA methylation, and genetic variations in atherosclerotic tissues.
  • Analysis of data linking miRNA gene alterations to clinical outcomes such as coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke.
  • Synthesis of findings related to the miRNA regulome in cardiovascular disease.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulated miRNA expression is a common feature in atherosclerotic arteries.
  • Aberrant DNA methylation patterns in miRNA genes are associated with atherosclerosis.
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNVs) in miRNA genes correlate with clinical complications of atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • Alterations in miRNA expression, DNA methylation, and genetic variations within miRNA genes contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae.
  • Targeting the miRNA regulome presents a potential therapeutic avenue for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Further research into miRNA gene regulation is warranted for improved diagnostics and treatments.