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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Effects on Pulmonary and Respiratory Muscle Function of Obese Children and Adolescents: A

Sainatee Pratanaphon1, Nuntigar Sonsuwan2, Sonsuwan Chaimano1

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Turkish Thoracic Journal
|April 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in obese children did not significantly alter overall pulmonary and respiratory muscle function. However, specific airflow measures like maximal mid-expiratory flow were reduced in children with OSA.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to reduced lung function in adults.
  • The impact of OSA on respiratory health in obese children remains less understood.
  • Children with OSA may be at higher risk for airway obstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of OSA on pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in obese children and adolescents.
  • To compare lung function in obese children with and without OSA.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study compared 12 obese children with OSA to 12 matched controls.
  • Pulmonary function tests, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximum voluntary ventilation were assessed.
  • Participants were matched for age, gender, and body mass index.

Main Results:

  • Obese children with OSA showed significantly lower maximal mid-expiratory flow and forced expiratory flow at 50% and 75% of vital capacity compared to controls.
  • No significant differences were found in other pulmonary function variables between groups.
  • Maximal inspiratory pressure and maximum voluntary ventilation were lower in the OSA group but not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • OSA did not significantly alter overall pulmonary and respiratory muscle function in obese children and adolescents.
  • Specific airflow reductions (maximal mid-expiratory flow, FEV50/75) warrant further investigation in this population.
  • Specialized assessments may be needed to detect subtle respiratory changes in pediatric OSA.
Abstract

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