PAMP-triggered genetic reprogramming involves widespread alternative transcription initiation and an immediate
Axel Thieffry1,2, Diego López-Márquez1, Jette Bornholdt1,2
1Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark.
The Plant Cell
|April 11, 2022
Summary
Plant immune responses involve genetic reprogramming. This study reveals novel regulatory mechanisms and transcription factors that rapidly restrict growth, establishing pathogen-triggered immunity (PTI) by altering gene expression.
Area of Science:
- Plant immunity
- Molecular biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) trigger plant immune responses, crucial for defense.
- The genetic reprogramming from growth to defense during PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the dynamics of gene expression during PTI establishment.
- To identify regulatory mechanisms and transcription factors involved in PTI.
Main Methods:
- Time-course study of gene expression using cap analysis.
- Analysis of transcription start sites (TSSs) and mRNA leader sequences.
- Identification of transcription factors (TFs) responding to PAMPs.
Main Results:
- Approximately 15% of PAMP-induced TSSs represent alternative transcription initiation events.
- 60% of PAMP-responsive genes show earlier activation than previously recognized.
- A cluster of rapidly induced TFs, linked to growth restriction, emerges during PTI.
Conclusions:
- Alternative transcription initiation plays a significant role in PTI.
- Rapidly induced TFs converge on growth restriction, potentially linking PTI signaling to gene expression changes.
- These TFs may directly mediate the establishment of the plant immune state.
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