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Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
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Surface Treatment and Cementation of Lithium Silicate Ceramics Containing ZrO2.

J D Martins1, Dmd Moura2, C M Lima3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrofluoric acid (HF) followed by silanization significantly improves the shear bond strength (SBS) of lithium silicate (LS) and lithium disilicate (LD) ceramics after thermocycling, outperforming other surface treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental materials science
  • Biomaterials engineering
  • Ceramic restorations

Background:

  • Lithium silicate (LS) and lithium disilicate (LD) ceramics are widely used in dental restorations.
  • Optimizing the bond strength of these ceramics to resin cements is crucial for long-term clinical success.
  • Surface treatments play a vital role in enhancing the adhesion of ceramic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength (SBS) of LS and LD ceramics.
  • To evaluate the impact of thermocycling on the bond strength of treated ceramic specimens.
  • To determine the optimal surface preparation method for reliable cementation of these advanced ceramics.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-two ceramic blocks (LS and LD) were prepared and divided into groups based on surface treatment: hydrofluoric acid + silane (HFS) and Monobond Etch & Prime (MEP).
  • Resin cement cylinders were bonded to the treated ceramic surfaces, followed by thermocycling (10,000 cycles).
  • Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured, alongside roughness and SEM analysis, with data analyzed using ANOVA and Weibull analysis.

Main Results:

  • Surface treatment significantly impacted SBS for all ceramic types (p<0.05).
  • The HFS treatment resulted in significantly higher SBS compared to the MEP treatment for all tested ceramics.
  • Complete adhesive failures were more frequent, and Weibull modulus was superior for the HFS groups.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrofluoric acid etching followed by silanization is the most effective surface treatment for enhancing the bond strength of LS and LD glass-ceramics.
  • This method provides superior and more reliable adhesion compared to other tested surface treatments.
  • The findings support HFS as a recommended protocol for cementation of these ceramic materials.