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Efficient delivery of Echinococcus multilocularis miRNAs using chitosan nanoparticles.

Yue Sun¹, Yongjie Kou², Xuedong He²

¹School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, China.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie

|April 11, 2022

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Summary

Chitosan nanoparticles effectively deliver microRNAs (miRNAs) to the liver, offering a promising therapeutic strategy against Echinococcus multilocularis infection. This approach protects miRNAs from degradation and targets parasitic disease control.

Area of Science:

Parasitology
Nanotechnology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Alveolar echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, is a significant zoonotic threat with limited therapeutic options.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators in disease and potential therapeutic targets for parasitic infections.
Challenges in miRNA therapy include poor cellular uptake and degradation; chitosan nanoparticles offer a potential solution.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize miRNA-bearing chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) for targeted delivery.
To evaluate the physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, and liver tropism of CS NPs.
To assess the efficacy of CS NPs in delivering Echinococcus multilocularis miR-4989 (emu-miR-4989) for therapeutic intervention.

Main Methods:

Keywords:

CS nanoparticle Chitosan Echinococcus multilocularis Emu-miR-4989 MiRNA

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Preparation and characterization of miRNA-bearing chitosan nanoparticles.

Assessment of nanoparticle stability, miRNA protection, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and liver tropism in vitro and in vivo.

In vitro and in vivo delivery of emu-miR-4989 using CS NPs.

Quantification of UBE2N mRNA and protein expression in response to emu-miR-4989 delivery.

Main Results:

Chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated good stability, protected miRNAs from degradation, and exhibited low cytotoxicity.
CS NPs showed efficient cellular absorption and significant liver tropism.
In vitro and in vivo delivery of emu-miR-4989 via CS NPs led to reduced UBE2N expression at both mRNA and protein levels in the liver.

Conclusions:

Chitosan nanoparticles serve as an effective vehicle for liver-targeted delivery of miRNAs.
This CS NP-based miRNA delivery system shows potential for developing novel therapeutics against Echinococcus multilocularis infection.