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Association between the Phytochemical Index and Overweight/Obesity: A Meta-Analysis.

Chaojie Wei1, Liping Liu1, Renli Liu1

  • 1Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun 130021, China.

Nutrients
|April 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A higher phytochemical index (PI) is linked to reduced overweight/obesity risk. This meta-analysis of 100,753 individuals found a significant association, though more randomized trials are needed for confirmation.

Keywords:
dose–response relationshipmeta-analysisobesityoverweightphytochemical index

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Dietary phytochemicals are plant compounds with potential health benefits.
  • A higher phytochemical index (PI) may correlate with reduced risk of overweight and obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze existing studies on the association between PI and overweight/obesity risk.
  • To explore dose-response relationships and sources of heterogeneity in this association.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to February 2022.
  • Random-effects model meta-analysis, meta-regression for heterogeneity, and restricted cubic spline for dose-response analysis.
  • Publication bias assessed using Begg's and Egger's tests.

Main Results:

  • Nine studies with 100,753 participants were included.
  • A higher PI was significantly associated with a decreased risk of overweight/obesity (pooled OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74-0.90).
  • A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed; gender and area were significant covariates.

Conclusions:

  • A high phytochemical index may be associated with a reduced risk of overweight and obesity.
  • Significant heterogeneity exists across studies, primarily cross-sectional.
  • Further randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate these findings and confirm PI's efficacy.