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Humping Formation and Suppression in High-Speed Laser Welding.

Boce Xue1, Baohua Chang1, Shenghua Wang2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

High-speed laser welding can cause humping defects due to melt flow hindrances. Adding a Tungsten Inert Gas arc effectively suppresses these defects, improving weld quality.

Keywords:
TIG archigh-speed imaginghigh-speed laser weldinghumpingnumerical simulation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Manufacturing Engineering
  • Physics of Fluids

Background:

  • Increasing laser welding speed enhances productivity but often leads to humping defects.
  • Current explanations for humping formation are vague, limiting effective mitigation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of humping defect formation during high-speed laser welding.
  • To investigate methods for suppressing humping defects in laser welding processes.

Main Methods:

  • High-speed imaging experiments were conducted to observe the humping phenomenon.
  • Numerical simulations were employed to model the high-speed laser welding process.

Main Results:

  • Humping occurs when high-speed melt flow is impeded by solidification, creating swellings and valleys.
  • Surface tension, Marangoni force, and viscous forces influence humping formation.
  • A Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) arc applied behind the laser beam effectively suppresses humping defects.

Conclusions:

  • A detailed mechanism for humping defect formation in high-speed laser welding has been established.
  • Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) arc provides an effective solution for humping defect suppression, enabling higher welding speeds.