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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cell Subsets within the Murine Spleen, Bone Marrow, Lymph Nodes and Synovial Tissue in an Osteoarthritis Model
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Osteoarthritis Flares.

Martin J Thomas1, Francis Guillemin2, Tuhina Neogi3

  • 1Primary Care Centre Versus Arthritis, School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; Haywood Academic Rheumatology Centre, Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Haywood Hospital, Burslem, Staffordshire ST6 7AG, UK.

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|April 12, 2022
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Summary

Osteoarthritis (OA) flares are sudden symptom increases impacting daily life. Understanding triggers and management strategies is crucial for effective patient care and improved outcomes.

Keywords:
AcuteExacerbationFlareManagementOsteoarthritisPainSymptom variability

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Osteoarthritis Research
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Flares are common, distressing, and disabling in osteoarthritis (OA).
  • The occurrence and optimal management of OA flares remain poorly understood.
  • Flares can have significant short-term and long-term consequences for patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a contemporary perspective on defining osteoarthritis flares.
  • To identify potential triggers of osteoarthritis flares.
  • To offer suggestions for clinical management of OA flares.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on osteoarthritis flare definitions and triggers.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of OA flare phenomena.
  • Development of clinical practice recommendations for managing OA flares.

Main Results:

  • Defines OA flares as sudden increases in signs and symptoms.
  • Highlights the need for better understanding of flare triggers.
  • Proposes strategies for exploring flare patterns with patients.
  • Suggests timely, best-practice treatment approaches for flares.

Conclusions:

  • Improved definition and understanding of OA flares are needed.
  • Identifying triggers can aid in proactive management.
  • Clinical practice should incorporate systematic exploration of flare patterns.
  • Timely and evidence-based treatment is essential for managing OA flares.