Toward a basic science of communication in serious illness

Area of Science:

• Medical Communication
• Health Psychology
• Clinical Research Methodology

Background:

• Effective communication significantly reduces suffering in serious illness.
• Current research often links broad communication to outcomes, but lacks focus on specific communication functions.
• Technological and theoretical advancements offer new avenues for serious illness communication research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To define and justify a basic science approach for serious illness communication research.
• To operationalize and understand the impact of discrete communication functions on patient, caregiver, and clinician experiences.
• To bridge the gap between conversational content and emotional/cognitive experiences.

Main Methods:

• Focusing on "what actually happens during a conversation," including lexical and non-lexical content.
• Analyzing contextual factors influencing communication.
• Linking communication elements to the emotional and cognitive experiences of all parties involved.

Main Results:

• A basic science approach provides a systematic understanding of serious illness communication's building blocks.
• This approach can identify evidence-informed communication strategies.
• It supports the development of targeted communication skills training for clinicians.

Conclusions:

• A basic science approach is essential for advancing serious illness communication research.
• Understanding discrete communication functions can lead to improved patient outcomes and tailored care.
• This research can enhance communication skills training and the overall quality of serious illness care.