Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.9K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.9K
Exercise Stress Test01:26

Exercise Stress Test

544
Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
544
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

81
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
81
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

95
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
95
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

57
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
57
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

153
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
153

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Refining current risk stratification guidelines for pregnant women with Fontan circulation: lessons from PROFAT registry.

European journal of preventive cardiology·2025
Same author

Hepatocellular carcinoma in survivors after Fontan operation: a case-control study.

European heart journal·2023
Same author

Common congenital heart problems in acute and intensive care.

European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care·2023
Same author

Main operating room deliveries for patients with high-risk cardiovascular disease.

Open heart·2023
Same author

A Sinister Presentation.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society·2022
Same author

Stroke in patients with secundum atrial septal defect and sequelae after transcatheter closure.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exercise Test for Evaluation of the Functional Efficacy of the Pig Cardiovascular System
02:47

Author Spotlight: Exercise Test for Evaluation of the Functional Efficacy of the Pig Cardiovascular System

Published on: May 12, 2023

1.5K

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for heart failure: pathophysiology and predictive markers.

Jonathan Buber1, H Thomas Robertson2

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA bubery@UW.edu.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)
|April 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) aids in early heart failure (HF) diagnosis and prognosis assessment. This review explores CPET

Keywords:
heart failurerisk factors

More Related Videos

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
04:20

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Published on: October 1, 2019

5.9K
Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
07:49

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exercise Test for Evaluation of the Functional Efficacy of the Pig Cardiovascular System
02:47

Author Spotlight: Exercise Test for Evaluation of the Functional Efficacy of the Pig Cardiovascular System

Published on: May 12, 2023

1.5K
Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
04:20

Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure

Published on: October 1, 2019

5.9K
Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
07:49

Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) often underdiagnosed.
  • HFpEF shares similar prevalence and adverse outcomes with HF with reduced ejection fraction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of exercise intolerance in HF.
  • To discuss the utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in evaluating HFpEF.
  • To highlight key CPET findings for assessing HF severity and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HF pathophysiology and CPET.
  • Discussion of cardiovascular and respiratory parameters measured during CPET.

Main Results:

  • CPET is a reliable method for evaluating early and prognostic features of both HFpEF and HF with reduced ejection fraction.
  • CPET findings correlate with the severity of exercise impairment and prognosis in HF patients.

Conclusions:

  • CPET should be more widely applied in the early diagnosis and assessment of HFpEF.
  • Understanding CPET findings is crucial for managing HF patients.