Playing the harmonica with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A qualitative study

Area of Science:

• Respiratory Medicine
• Qualitative Health Research
• Therapeutic Music

Background:

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly impacts quality of life and respiratory function.
• Non-pharmacological interventions are sought to improve symptom management and well-being in COPD patients.
• The potential of musical instruments, like the harmonica, as a therapeutic tool for COPD remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the lived experiences of individuals with COPD who play the harmonica.
• To understand the perceived benefits and challenges associated with harmonica playing in this population.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative phenomenological study design.
• Semi-structured interviews conducted with eight participants (6 female, 2 male) with COPD.
• Reflexive thematic analysis used to identify key themes from participant experiences.

Main Results:

• Five themes emerged: 'hard in the beginning', 'holding the condition', 'breathing control', 'gives you a high', and 'needing the Zoom class'.
• Participants found initial difficulty but developed breathing control and enjoyment with practice.
• Harmonica playing provided a focus away from respiratory disease, aided mucous expectoration, and fostered a sense of community, even online.

Conclusions:

• Harmonica playing can be a beneficial, albeit challenging, activity for individuals with COPD, offering a unique breathing strategy.
• The social aspect of group harmonica sessions is highly valued by participants.
• Further research, including mechanistic studies and randomized controlled trials, is warranted to confirm the biopsychosocial benefits.