Ocular phototoxicity: guidelines for selecting sunglasses

Within the last two decades appreciable laboratory and epidemiologic evidence has accumulated to support the notion that near ultraviolet radiation and lower wavelength visible light may be hazardous to the human lens and retina. However, a substantial number of commercially available sunglasses are being manufactured without apparent regard for these potential hazards. This review surveys the mechanism(s) for phototoxic damage to the eye, outlines persons at potentially greatest risk of injury, and summarizes recommendations for the selection of optimally efficient sunglasses.