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Nanodelivery systems for d-limonene; techniques and applications.

Sahar Akhavan-Mahdavi¹, Rohollah Sadeghi², Afshin Faridi Esfanjani¹

¹Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

|April 13, 2022

Summary

d-limonene (DL), a citrus peel compound with health benefits, can be protected using nanodelivery systems. Encapsulated DL shows promise for functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, with ongoing safety research.

Keywords:

Bioavailability Food industry Nanoencapsulation Safety d-limonene

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Area of Science:

Food Science and Technology
Nanotechnology
Nutraceuticals

Background:

d-limonene (DL), a monoterpene from citrus peels, possesses significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.
DL's volatility and susceptibility to degradation necessitate protective measures for its application in food and other industries.
Nanodelivery systems offer a promising solution for stabilizing DL and enhancing its bioavailability.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in nanocarrier systems for d-limonene delivery.
To explore the bioavailability, release kinetics, and functional food applications of nanoencapsulated DL.
To discuss the safety aspects and potential health risks associated with DL nanodelivery systems.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature review of nanocarrier systems for DL, including polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, nanoliposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanosuspensions, and nanoemulsions.
Analysis of updated information on DL bioavailability and release rates from various nanocarriers.
Examination of safety data and health risk assessments related to nanoencapsulated DL consumption.

Main Results:

Various nanocarriers effectively encapsulate DL, protecting it during processing and storage.
Nanoencapsulation influences DL bioavailability and release rates, tailoring them for specific applications.
Studies indicate that DL encapsulated within nanocarriers is generally safe, though further research on nanodelivery safety is recommended.

Conclusions:

Nanoencapsulated d-limonene presents a viable strategy for enhancing its stability and efficacy.
Potential applications span functional foods, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and perfumes.
Continued research into the safety of nanodelivery systems for DL is crucial for future commercialization.