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Upskirting: A Systematic Literature Review
1Social Sciences, Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Trauma, Violence & Abuse
|April 13, 2022
Summary
Upskirting, the non-consensual sharing of intimate images, is increasingly studied. Legal scholarship frames it as individualistic, while other fields view it as gendered violence against women and girls.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Criminology
- Media Studies
- Law
- Psychology
Background:
- Upskirting, the non-consensual creation/dissemination of intimate images taken up a skirt, is a growing concern and form of gendered violence.
- Recent media and public attention highlight the need for academic scrutiny of this issue.
Approach:
- A systematic review of 26 sources from five databases analyzed scholarly constructions of upskirting.
- Research sub-questions focused on how scholarship defines the problem, perpetrators, victims, and remedies.
Key Points:
- Legal scholarship predominantly frames upskirting as an individual sexual act, gender-neutral, and perpetrated by aberrant individuals, focusing on image capture.
- Interdisciplinary scholarship (Criminology, Media Studies, Sociology, etc.) increasingly positions upskirting as gendered behavior within power dynamics and violence against women and girls, considering both capture and online dissemination.
Conclusions:
- Future research should conceptualize upskirting as violence against women and girls.
- Emphasizes the need for empirical, intersectional research engaging with victims and perpetrators to understand the full scope of the problem.
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