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Thoracic sarcopenia predicts clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A 6-year

Zi-Le Shen1, Zhang Liu2, Wang-Fu Zang2

  • 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Asian Journal of Surgery
|April 13, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Thoracic sarcopenia, a measure of muscle loss in the chest, predicts worse outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Identifying this condition aids in preoperative risk assessment for better patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • The prognostic impact of thoracic sarcopenia on clinical outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains inadequately defined.
  • This study investigates the predictive value of thoracic sarcopenia for adverse events in CABG patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prognostic significance of thoracic sarcopenia in patients undergoing CABG.
  • To determine if thoracic sarcopenia is associated with increased postoperative complications and reduced overall survival.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 338 patients undergoing isolated CABG between December 2015 and May 2021 was analyzed.
  • Thoracic sarcopenia was assessed using skeletal muscle area at the T12 level, normalized from chest computed tomography (CT) scans.
  • Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to identify risk factors for postoperative complications and overall survival (OS).

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of thoracic sarcopenia was 13.02% among the studied CABG patients.
  • Patients with thoracic sarcopenia exhibited significantly higher rates of major complications (81.8% vs. 61.9%), longer hospital and ICU stays, increased costs, and higher 30-day readmission rates.
  • Thoracic sarcopenia was independently associated with adverse postoperative complications and diminished long-term OS (2-year survival: 72.7% vs. 93.9% in non-sarcopenic patients).

Conclusions:

  • Thoracic sarcopenia serves as a robust clinical predictor for adverse postoperative complications and long-term overall survival in patients after CABG.
  • Incorporating thoracic sarcopenia assessment via chest CT into preoperative risk stratification for CABG is recommended.
Abstract

Keywords:
Clinical outcomesCoronary artery bypass graftingSkeletal muscle indexThoracic sarcopenia

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