Bioinformatics Analysis Identified Five Widely Expressed Genes Associated with Prognosis in Sarcoma

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Genomics
• Immunology

Background:

• Human sarcomas (SARC) are diverse malignant tumors originating from mesenchymal lineages.
• Biomarkers for SARC diagnosis and prognosis require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• Identify common differentially expressed genes (CDGEs) in SARC.
• Analyze the correlation of top CDGEs with SARC prognosis, immune infiltration, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification.
• Develop a prognostic nomogram for SARC survival prediction.

Main Methods:

• Utilized GEO database to obtain and analyze three SARC-related gene expression datasets (GSE39262, GSE21122, GSE48418).
• Identified 42 CDGEs and focused on the top five interacted genes: ASPM, CCNB2, PRC1, AURKA, and SCM2.
• Performed correlation analysis with genomic differences, prognosis, mutations, functional enrichment, immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, and m6A modification markers. Constructed a prognostic nomogram.

Main Results:

• Identified 42 CDGEs, with ASPM, CCNB2, PRC1, AURKA, and SCM2 showing higher expression in SARC.
• CCNB2, PRC1, and SCM2 expression correlated with worse SARC survival.
• A nomogram combining CCNB2, PRC1, and SCM2 predicted SARC survival with a C-index of 0.711.
• These five genes are involved in immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, and m6A modification, with a minor survival-related mutation rate (9%).

Conclusions:

• The five identified genes are significantly involved in SARC prognosis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, and m6A modification.
• These genes provide a theoretical basis for understanding SARC development and progression.
• Experimental validation is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.