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Related Concept Videos

Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
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Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity02:24

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

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It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
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Updated: Sep 27, 2025

A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality
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Chirality at nanoscale for bioscience.

Maozhong Sun1, Xiuxiu Wang1, Xiao Guo1

  • 1International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China smz@jiangnan.edu.cn xcl@jiangnan.edu.cn.

Chemical Science
|April 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chiral nanomaterials offer strong circular dichroism for bioscience. This review covers fabrication, tunability, and applications of these advanced materials in sensing and therapeutics.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
  • Chirality in Materials Science
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Chiral nanomaterials exhibit strong circular dichroism.
  • Growing interest in their unique optical properties for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review principles of chiral nanomaterial organization.
  • To summarize fabrication strategies for bioscience.
  • To discuss applications and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental and theoretical investigations of chirality creation.
  • Utilizing external fields (light, magnetic) for tunability.
  • Review of existing literature on fabrication and applications.

Main Results:

  • Chirality can be created from nanoscale building blocks.
  • Optical activity is tunable using external fields.
  • Demonstrated applications in molecular sensing, cutting, and therapeutics.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral nanomaterials hold significant promise for bioscience.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and realize full potential.
  • Tunability and specific recognition are key advantages.