Experimental Study of Adsorption Characteristics and Deformation of Coal for Different Gases

Coal seam deformation due to gas adsorption affects the stability of the underground structure. Natural coal blocks of the Shanxi Formation were selected to study the dynamic adsorption characteristics of coal samples subjected to CO₂, CH₄, and N₂ gas injections under coaxial pressure and confining pressure (7 MPa), as well as the displacement of CH₄ with CO₂ and N₂ under the same conditions. The results show that, under the same conditions, the strain in the coal samples first increased, followed by a rapid increase along with the increase in pressure, with the transverse strain being always higher than the axial strain. The amount of gas adsorption varied from high to low as CO₂ > CH₄ > N₂, and the final adsorption strains and equilibrium times were different for each gas. Based on the increase in gas pressure, the gas adsorption strain curve can be divided into two stages. The displacement of N₂ only uses partial pressure to achieve the desorption of CH₄ in the coal sample, leading to shrinkage deformation of the coal sample. In contrast, the displacement of CO₂ has the dual effects of competitive adsorption and partial pressure reduction on CH₄, leading to the swelling deformation of the coal sample.