Pharmacodynamics of D-mannose in the prevention of recurrent urinary infections

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Microbiology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Recurring urinary tract infections (rUTIs) are often caused by Escherichia coli.
• E. coli invades urothelial cells, forming bacterial reservoirs.
• D-mannose is a potential agent for rUTI prevention, but optimal dosage is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the effective dosage of D-mannose for preventing E. coli adhesion and invasion.
• To provide a pharmacological basis for D-mannose dosing in rUTI prevention.

Main Methods:

• Selected E. coli strains based on adhesion capacity.
• Tested anti-adhesive and anti-invasion efficacy using TCC-5637 urothelial cells.
• Evaluated D-mannose's biofilm interference.

Main Results:

• The IC50 for D-mannose's anti-adhesive efficacy was 0.51 mg/ml.
• The IC50 for D-mannose's anti-invasion activity was 0.30 mg/ml.
• D-mannose inhibited E. coli adhesion at high concentrations and invasion at lower concentrations. Biofilm interference was observed at 50 mg/ml.

Conclusions:

• D-mannose demonstrates concentration-dependent inhibition of E. coli adhesion and invasion.
• Lower concentrations of D-mannose are effective in inhibiting bacterial invasion.
• Findings support D-mannose as a viable agent for rUTI prevention with specific dosage recommendations.