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[Suicidal behaviour in Belgian prisons: an overview and integrated prevention model].
Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie
|April 14, 2022
Summary
Suicidal behavior is five times more common in Belgian prisoners than the general population. This study identifies key risk factors and proposes an integrated prevention model for prisons.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Criminology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Suicidal behavior is a significant global public health issue.
- Prison populations are disproportionately affected by suicidal behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the epidemiology and risk factors of suicidal behavior in Belgian prisons.
- To provide recommendations for improved management and prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- A 20-year national case file analysis of prison suicides (2000-2019).
- A large-scale survey of 13% of the Belgian prison population (n=1326).
Main Results:
- Suicide constitutes one-third of all deaths in Belgian prisons.
- 22% of prisoners have a history of suicide attempts, with 10% occurring during incarceration.
- Female prisoners exhibit higher rates of suicidal thoughts and attempts than males.
- Identified risk factors include psychiatric morbidity, previous self-harm, and prison environment stressors.
Conclusions:
- Suicidal behavior is five times more prevalent in Belgian prisoners compared to the general population.
- An integrated prevention model is proposed, combining targeted interventions for high-risk individuals with population-level health promotion strategies.
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