Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

56.1K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
56.1K
Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

20.5K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
20.5K
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

42.3K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
42.3K
Transformation01:26

Transformation

156
Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...
156
Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

7.5K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.5K
C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

46.4K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
46.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis initially presenting as secretory otitis media: a case report.

Frontiers in surgery·2026
Same author

From spectra to chemical maps: SWIR hyperspectral imaging for non-destructive prediction of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in golden-thread wood.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy·2026
Same author

Editorial: Exploring molecular mechanisms in cancer through tumor molecular pathology.

Frontiers in oncology·2026
Same author

Natural small RNA-based defense informs engineering of host-induced gene silencing in plant disease resistance.

Current opinion in biotechnology·2026
Same author

Associations of exercise procrastination and exercise addiction with mental well-being.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Ternary Heterojunction Co<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub>-MnO<sub>2</sub>@MoS<sub>2</sub>/NF as a High-Performance Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Seawater Electrolysis.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Gut commensal Bacteroides-derived pantothenic acid alleviates metabolic syndrome.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Predicting antimicrobial resistance for precision medicine.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Meta-analysis reveals microbiome signatures for colorectal cancer that are universal across age groups and sequencing methods.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Single-cell detection and quantification of the microbiota by MicFLY.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

Suppression of host salicylic acid defense by a phloem-colonizing pathogen effector in citrus Huanglongbing.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same journal

CBASS limits bacteriophage production while maintaining cell viability in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Cell host & microbe·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Plant Growth and Agrobacterium-mediated Floral-dip Transformation of the Extremophyte Schrenkiella parvula
06:32

Plant Growth and Agrobacterium-mediated Floral-dip Transformation of the Extremophyte Schrenkiella parvula

Published on: January 7, 2019

13.3K

How do bacteria transform plants into their oasis?

Amelia H Lovelace1, Wenbo Ma1

  • 1The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UH, UK.

Cell Host & Microbe
|April 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant pathogenic bacteria manipulate plant environments for growth. Virulence proteins alter apoplast conditions, creating aquatic and nutritive microenvironments essential for bacterial proliferation within the host.

More Related Videos

Inducible, Cell Type-Specific Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Through LhGR-Mediated Trans-Activation
09:31

Inducible, Cell Type-Specific Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Through LhGR-Mediated Trans-Activation

Published on: April 19, 2019

9.8K
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Narrowleaf Plantain
07:50

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Narrowleaf Plantain

Published on: March 17, 2023

4.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Plant Growth and Agrobacterium-mediated Floral-dip Transformation of the Extremophyte Schrenkiella parvula
06:32

Plant Growth and Agrobacterium-mediated Floral-dip Transformation of the Extremophyte Schrenkiella parvula

Published on: January 7, 2019

13.3K
Inducible, Cell Type-Specific Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Through LhGR-Mediated Trans-Activation
09:31

Inducible, Cell Type-Specific Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Through LhGR-Mediated Trans-Activation

Published on: April 19, 2019

9.8K
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Narrowleaf Plantain
07:50

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Narrowleaf Plantain

Published on: March 17, 2023

4.9K

Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Microbiology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Plant pathogenic bacteria require specific microenvironments for host colonization and proliferation.
  • The apoplast, a key interface between plants and pathogens, is often manipulated by bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which bacterial virulence proteins manipulate plant apoplast environments.
  • To understand how these manipulations create favorable aquatic and nutritive conditions for bacterial growth.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the function of bacterial virulence proteins in host-pathogen interactions.
  • Analyzed the biochemical and physiological changes induced in the plant apoplast by bacterial effectors.
  • Utilized molecular and cellular techniques to dissect the manipulation processes.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific bacterial virulence proteins that induce changes in apoplast water potential and nutrient availability.
  • Demonstrated that these proteins actively create "aquatic and nutritive microenvironments" within the apoplast.
  • Showcased how these engineered conditions are critical for successful bacterial proliferation and infection.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial virulence proteins are key effectors in reshaping the plant apoplast into a conducive habitat.
  • Understanding these manipulation mechanisms offers targets for novel disease control strategies.
  • This research deepens our knowledge of host-pathogen interactions at the molecular level.