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Amide-functionalised phosphonium-based ionic liquids as ligands for rhodium(iii) extraction
Wataru Yoshida1, Masahiro Goto1,2
1Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan m-goto@mail.cstm.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
RSC Advances
|April 15, 2022
Summary
Seven new amide-functionalised phosphonium-based ionic liquids (APILs) were synthesized for rhodium(III) extraction. A novel APIL, [3°C2P444][Cl], demonstrated superior performance, exceeding commercial extractants in rhodium recovery.
Area of Science:
- Materials Chemistry
- Separation Science
- Coordination Chemistry
Background:
- Ionic liquids (ILs) offer tunable properties for chemical applications.
- Phosphonium-based ILs are effective extractants.
- Efficient recovery of precious metals like rhodium is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and evaluate novel amide-functionalised phosphonium-based ionic liquids (APILs) for rhodium(III) extraction.
- To investigate the structure-extraction performance relationship of APILs.
- To compare APILs with a commercial phosphonium-based extractant.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of seven new APILs with chloride anions.
- Liquid-liquid extraction experiments using toluene as a diluent.
- Spectroscopic analysis (UV-vis, FT-IR) and slope analysis to elucidate the extraction mechanism.
Main Results:
- APIL performance depends on alkyl chain length, linker length, and amide group.
- A novel APIL, [3°C2P444][Cl], showed outstanding rhodium(III) extraction (>98%).
- The extraction efficiency of [3°C2P444][Cl] surpassed that of the commercial extractant [P66614][Cl].
Conclusions:
- Amide-functionalised phosphonium-based ionic liquids are promising for rhodium(III) recovery.
- [3°C2P444][Cl] is a highly effective extractant for rhodium(III) from acidic solutions.
- The extraction mechanism involves anion exchange followed by dimerization in the organic phase.
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