Application of Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injection in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Rheumatology
• Pediatric Orthopedics

Background:

• Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a leading cause of childhood disability, characterized by persistent synovitis and joint pain.
• JIA significantly impacts children's quality of life due to reduced range of motion, deformity, and gait disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and guide the optimal use of intra-articular corticosteroid injections (IACIs) for treating JIA in children.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of IACIs, including case selection, techniques, efficacy, and safety.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on IACIs in pediatric JIA.
• Analysis of case selection, drug and dose selection, anesthesia, injection techniques, and ultrasound guidance.
• Evaluation of efficacy, recurrence, influencing factors, post-injection physiotherapy, safety, and complications.

Main Results:

• IACIs offer localized anti-inflammatory effects, minimizing systemic adverse reactions.
• IACIs can prevent or treat joint contractures, Baker's cysts, and tenosynovitis, improving function and gait.
• Ultrasound guidance enhances the safety and efficacy of IACIs in pediatric JIA.

Conclusions:

• IACIs are a crucial treatment modality for JIA, offering significant benefits for joint function and quality of life.
• This review provides evidence-based guidance for the effective and safe application of IACIs in pediatric patients.
• Optimizing IACIs involves careful case selection, appropriate techniques, and comprehensive post-injection management.