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Secondary thrombosis prevention practice patterns in pediatrics: Results of an international survey
Hope P Wilson1, Rosebella Capio2, Inmaculada Aban2
1Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA.
Insights
Pediatric thrombosis physicians prescribe secondary anticoagulation infrequently for children with persistent risks. Extended anticoagulation is preferred for recurrent VTE, while episodic use is favored for mild thrombophilia. Further research is needed.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Hematology
- Thrombosis Research
- Anticoagulation Therapy
Background:
- Pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence is rising.
- Some children require long-term anticoagulation due to persistent risks.
- Current guidelines offer limited advice on secondary anticoagulation in pediatric VTE.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine factors influencing pediatric thrombosis physicians' decisions on secondary anticoagulation.
- To understand current practices in extended or episodic anticoagulation for pediatric VTE.
Main Methods:
- International survey of pediatric hematologists/oncologists specializing in thrombosis.
- 61 complete surveys analyzed, defining secondary anticoagulation as use beyond initial treatment.
- Data collected on preferences for extended vs. episodic anticoagulation based on patient risk factors.
Main Results:
- Physicians prescribe secondary anticoagulation in less than 25% of pediatric VTE cases with persistent risks.
- Extended anticoagulation preferred for recurrent unprovoked VTE, chronic central venous catheters, and potent thrombophilia.
- Episodic anticoagulation favored for mild thrombophilia; adolescents more likely to receive treatment than younger children.
Conclusions:
- Despite high perceived persistent risks, secondary anticoagulation use in pediatric VTE is low.
- Real-world data studies are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of secondary anticoagulation in this population.
Background:
Pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE) rates continue to increase. Although most children present with transient provoking factors, some have persistent prothrombotic risks beyond the initial treatment period warranting secondary anticoagulation. Current pediatric VTE guidelines provide limited recommendations in this regard.
Objectives:
Our primary objective was to identify key influences on pediatric thrombosis physicians' decisions to initiate secondary anticoagulation.
Methods:
We targeted pediatric hematologists/oncologists internationally using Duration of Therapy for Thrombosis in Children, Children's Hospital Acquired Thrombosis consortium, and Venous Thromboembolism Network US pediatric subgroup membership rosters, who self-identified as primary outpatient thrombosis providers. Of 124 total surveys distributed, 61 complete surveys were evaluable. We defined secondary anticoagulation as anticoagulant use beyond the initial treatment period, on a daily basis (extended) or limited to periods of superimposed clinical risk factors (episodic).
Results:
Pediatric thrombosis physicians surveyed indicated that they prescribe secondary anticoagulation in <25% of children despite persistent risks. Among those who indicated use of secondary anticoagulation, the preferred modality was extended anticoagulation in children with a history of recurrent unprovoked VTE (98%), chronic central venous catheter (74%), and potent thrombophilia (73%). Episodic anticoagulation was preferred in children with a history of mild thrombophilia (54%). Respondents were more likely to prescribe secondary anticoagulation for adolescents as opposed to children <12 years old.
Conclusions:
Among pediatric thrombosis physicians surveyed, they perceived the prevalence of persistent prothrombotic risks to be high in children who have completed a course of anticoagulation for provoked VTE; however, estimated use of secondary anticoagulation was low. Studies involving real-world data are needed to further evaluate use of secondary anticoagulation in this setting.
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