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COVID-19 Vaccination Gap in Admitted Trauma Patients: A Critical Opportunity

Robert W Turer1, Qingxia Chen2, Ian D Jones3

  • 1From the Department of Emergency Medicine and Clinical Informatics Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX (Turer).

Journal of the American College of Surgeons
|April 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

A growing gap in COVID-19 vaccination was observed between trauma patients and other emergency department (ED) patients. Targeted vaccine outreach during trauma care could reach unvaccinated individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is crucial for pandemic control.
  • A potential disparity in COVID-19 vaccination rates between trauma and non-trauma emergency department (ED) patients was hypothesized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and extent of a COVID-19 vaccination gap among ED patients.
  • To compare vaccination rates between patients admitted for trauma and other ED patients.

Main Methods:

  • An observational quality improvement study utilizing electronic health record data from an academic level-1 trauma center.
  • Analysis of vaccination status differences over time and associated factors using statistical methods including Spearman's rank correlation and binary logistic regression.
  • Geographic analysis to compare county-level vaccination rates with trauma admission likelihood.

Main Results:

  • A widening proportional difference in COVID-19 vaccination was observed between trauma-admitted and other ED patients over the study period (Spearman's = 0.699).
  • Statistically significant lower vaccination rates were found in trauma-admitted patients compared to other ED patients, even after adjusting for demographic and geographic factors (odds ratio = 0.53).
  • Geographic analysis indicated higher odds of trauma admission and lower vaccination rates in surrounding counties compared to the central county.

Conclusions:

  • A significant and increasing vaccination gap exists between trauma and non-trauma ED patients.
  • Trauma admission presents a potential opportunity for vaccine outreach to unvaccinated individuals.
Abstract

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