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Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Large-Scale SARS-CoV-2 Testing Utilizing Saliva and Transposition Sample Pooling
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Triple-Probe DNA Framework-Based Transistor for SARS-CoV-2 10-in-1 Pooled Testing.

Yungen Wu1,2, Daizong Ji1,2, Changhao Dai1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Nano Letters
|April 15, 2022
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Summary

This study introduces a novel graphene sensor for 10-in-1 pooled testing of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The sensor offers high sensitivity and rapid detection of COVID-19 without amplification, improving infectious disease screening.

Keywords:
COVID-19DNA nanostructurefield-effect transistorpooled testing

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biosensing
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Population-scale screening is vital for COVID-19 control.
  • Pooled testing offers efficiency but faces sensitivity and specificity challenges.
  • Existing methods like RT-PCR require amplification and are time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive and specific pooled testing method for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional pooled testing using advanced nanotechnology.
  • To enable rapid, unamplified screening of COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a graphene field-effect transistor sensor.
  • Modification of the sensor with triple-probe tetrahedral DNA framework (TDF) dimers.
  • Implementation of a 10-in-1 pooled testing strategy for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.

Main Results:

  • The triple-probe TDF dimer sensor demonstrated enhanced binding affinity, faster response, and improved specificity.
  • Achieved a detectable concentration as low as 0.025-0.05 copy μL⁻¹ in unamplified samples.
  • Successfully identified all 14 positive cases in 30 nasopharyngeal swabs within an average of 74 seconds.

Conclusions:

  • The unamplified 10-in-1 pooled testing strategy using the triple-probe TDF dimer sensor is highly effective.
  • This technology significantly improves COVID-19 screening efficiency and speed.
  • The sensor shows great potential for screening COVID-19 and other epidemic diseases.