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Related Concept Videos

Skeletal Muscle Anatomy00:55

Skeletal Muscle Anatomy

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Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
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Overview of Skeletal Muscle01:15

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Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 27, 2025

Assessing Functional Metrics of Skeletal Muscle Health in Human Skeletal Muscle Microtissues
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Bioengineering human skeletal muscle models: Recent advances, current challenges and future perspectives.

Yunsong Jiang1, Tugce Torun1, Sara M Maffioletti2

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE, London, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom.

Experimental Cell Research
|April 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Engineered human skeletal muscle tissue models offer new ways to study muscle injuries and diseases. Advances in bio-fabrication and cell technologies are paving the way for better in vitro disease modeling and personalized medicine.

Keywords:
3D scaffoldsBiomaterialsHuman skeletal muscleMyogenic cellsTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Engineering human skeletal muscle tissue models presents opportunities for studying muscle injuries and neuromuscular disorders.
  • Cellular components, including myogenic and non-myogenic cells, are combined with biomaterials and scaffolds.
  • Exogenous stimuli and novel bio-fabrication strategies enhance tissue maturation and functionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in engineering human skeletal muscle tissue models.
  • To discuss current challenges and future perspectives in building functional muscle tissue in vitro.
  • To focus on cellular constituents and applications for in vitro disease modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation, generation, and amplification of myogenic and non-myogenic cell types.
  • Combination of cells with scaffolds and biomaterials for tissue construction.
  • Application of exogenous stimuli to promote tissue maturation.

Main Results:

  • Progress in creating functional human skeletal muscle tissue models in vitro.
  • Identification of key cellular constituents for successful tissue engineering.
  • Exploration of therapeutic strategies and personalized medicine platforms.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered muscle tissue models are crucial for advancing the understanding and treatment of muscle disorders.
  • Bio-fabrication strategies and cellular engineering are key to achieving functional tissue.
  • Emerging technologies like 3D bioprinting and organ-on-chip systems hold promise for overcoming current limitations.