Breast-implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Breast-implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma associated with textured breast implants.
• It typically presents as a late-onset peri-implant effusion or fluid collection, usually more than 12 months post-implantation.

Observation:

• Diagnosis is confirmed through cytological analysis of fine-needle aspirate fluid or histological analysis of biopsy specimens for nodular presentations.
• Key immunophenotypic markers include strong CD30 expression and absence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK).

Findings:

• This case details BIA-ALCL in a patient with textured implants presenting with effusion and a small nodule.
• Treatment involved implant removal and bilateral capsulectomy, leading to a positive outcome.

Implications:

• BIA-ALCL necessitates multidisciplinary management for optimal patient care.
• Reporting confirmed diagnoses to regulatory bodies like the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS) is crucial for post-market surveillance.