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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
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Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
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In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
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When light passes through a substance, a portion of the light is absorbed while the remaining light is reflected or transmitted. If the molecule absorbs light between the wavelengths of 180–400 nm range, the UV spectrum is obtained, and if it absorbs light in the 400–780 nm wavelength range, the visible spectrum is obtained.     
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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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MoS2-based absorbers with whole visible spectrum coverage and high efficiency.

Mahdieh Hashemi1, Narges Ansari2, Mahsa Vazayefi3

  • 1Department of Physics, College of Science, Fasa University, Fasa, 74617-81189, Iran. mahdieh.hashemi@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|April 16, 2022
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Summary

Inclined gold gratings on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayers significantly enhance light absorption for broadband nanometer-sized absorbers. This design achieves up to 88% absorption across the visible spectrum, improving efficiency for transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics and Plasmonics
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) offer potential for novel optical devices.
  • Developing efficient and broadband absorbers is crucial for various optoelectronic applications.
  • Existing TMDC-based absorbers often face limitations in efficiency and spectral coverage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design highly efficient and broadband nanometer-sized absorbers using TMDCs.
  • To investigate the effect of inclined gold gratings on MoS2 monolayer absorption.
  • To explore the underlying physical mechanisms enhancing light absorption.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical design and simulation of nanometer-sized absorbers.
  • Utilizing inclined gold gratings on a MoS2 monolayer substrate.
  • Analysis of absorption spectra, resonant excitation modes, and plasmonic effects.

Main Results:

  • Inclined gold gratings on MoS2 achieve significantly higher absorption compared to non-inclined gratings.
  • Maximum absorption of 88% is reached with a 13 nm grating inclination, covering the entire visible spectrum with minimal variation.
  • Inclination of gratings enhances localized surface plasmon (LSP) modes, leading to increased absorption efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Inclined gold gratings on MoS2 monolayers represent a promising approach for high-efficiency, broadband absorbers.
  • The study demonstrates a novel pathway for designing advanced TMDC-based optical absorbers.
  • This design offers potential for improved performance in applications requiring efficient light absorption.