Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2026

High Throughput, Real-time, Dual-readout Testing of Intracellular Antimicrobial Activity and Eukaryotic Cell Cytotoxicity
09:09

High Throughput, Real-time, Dual-readout Testing of Intracellular Antimicrobial Activity and Eukaryotic Cell Cytotoxicity

Published on: November 16, 2016

Effect of ciprofloxacin on intracellular organisms: in-vitro and in-vivo studies

C S Easmon, J P Crane, A Blowers

    The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed

    Insights

    Ciprofloxacin rapidly enters immune cells and remains active inside, effectively combating intracellular bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium in studies. Further research in patients with intracellular infections is recommended.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Microbiology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
    • Intracellular pathogens pose treatment challenges.
    • Understanding ciprofloxacin's cellular behavior is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate ciprofloxacin uptake and activity in phagocytic cells.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of ciprofloxacin against intracellular bacteria in vitro and in vivo.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessing ciprofloxacin uptake in human neutrophils and mouse macrophages.
    • Testing the in vitro activity against intracellular Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium fortuitum.
    • Evaluating in vivo efficacy in a murine Salmonella typhimurium infection model.

    Main Results:

    • Rapid ciprofloxacin uptake by neutrophils and macrophages, reversible with decreased extracellular concentration.
    • Intracellular ciprofloxacin demonstrated biological activity against intracellular bacteria.
    • Ciprofloxacin delayed infection progression in mice with Salmonella typhimurium, though not achieving a complete cure.

    Conclusions:

    • Ciprofloxacin is readily taken up by immune cells and retains antimicrobial activity intracellularly.
    • The drug shows potential for treating infections caused by intracellular pathogens.
    • Clinical trials in patients with intracellular infections are warranted.

    More Related Videos

    Metabolic Profiling to Determine Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic Effects of New Natural Products using Isothermal Microcalorimetry07:28

    Metabolic Profiling to Determine Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic Effects of New Natural Products using Isothermal Microcalorimetry

    Published on: October 29, 2020

    An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection07:57

    An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection

    Published on: June 24, 2025

    Related Concept Videos

    Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro01:16

    Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro

    In vitro experiments are crucial for understanding the transport and absorption of drugs through biological materials. These studies employ varied methods such as the diffusion cell method, the everted sac technique, and the everted ring technique.
    The diffusion cell method uses a two-compartment cell, including a donor compartment with the drug solution, which simulates the environment where the drug is applied, and a receptor compartment with a buffer solution, which simulates the environment...
    Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

    Antimicrobial Effectiveness

    The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
    Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis01:28

    Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

    Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These antibiotics are selectively...