Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 26, 2025
03:57
Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
Published on: July 14, 2023
2.0K
Parathyroidectomy for Normocalcemic Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: A 19-Year Experience
Kimberly M Ramonell1, Brenessa Lindeman1, Herbert Chen1
1Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
The Journal of Surgical Research
|April 16, 2022
Summary
Parathyroidectomy is safe for normocalcemic tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT). This surgery can be effective, though permanent hypocalcemia is more common in normocalcemic patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for THPT.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nephrology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) typically involves hypercalcemia, managed with parathyroidectomy.
- A subset of THPT patients present with normal or mildly elevated calcium levels despite high parathyroid hormone (PTH).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of parathyroidectomy in patients with normocalcemic THPT.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of 212 patients with THPT who underwent parathyroidectomy from 2001 to 2020.
- Patients were classified as normocalcemic (Ca ≤ 10.4 mg/dL) or hypercalcemic (Ca ≥ 10.5 mg/dL) THPT.
Main Results:
- 34% of patients were normocalcemic (median Ca 9.7 mg/dL, PTH 225 pg/mL).
- Normocalcemic THPT patients had shorter hospital stays (0.33 vs. 0.50 days) but higher rates of reoperative parathyroidectomy (14% vs. 5.6%) and permanent hypocalcemia (11.2% vs. 1.4%).
Conclusions:
- Parathyroidectomy is a safe option for normocalcemic THPT.
- Findings support earlier surgical referral for normocalcemic THPT, with further research needed on long-term impacts on renal, bone, and cardiovascular health.
Related Concept Videos
00:59The Parathyroid Glands
2.6K
The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
2.6K
01:17Hormones and Bone Tissue
3.0K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
3.0K
01:21Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis
4.9K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
4.9K
00:51Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin
2.5K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
2.5K
01:26Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
82
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
82
01:25Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management
63
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
63