LncRNAS-modulators of neurovascular units in diabetic retinopathy

As the number of people with diabetes increases, diabetic retinopathy (DR) has become a significant health problem. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear. In recent years, people have tended to think that DR is a neurovascular disease. In the healthy retina, neurons, glial cells, and vascular cells interact with each other to maintain retinal environmental homeostasis and physiological functions. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that do not encode proteins regulate various cellular components in the neurovascular unit and are key regulatory molecules involved in processes such as microangiopathy, neurodegeneration, and apoptosis in DR. Here we review the interactions between neurovascular units and the regulation of various cellular components by lncRNAs in an attempt to prove the promise of targeting lncRNAs for the treatment of DR.