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Upsampling01:22

Upsampling

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Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
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Deconvolution, also known as inverse filtering, is the process of extracting the impulse response from known input and output signals. This technique is vital in scenarios where the system's characteristics are unknown, and they must be inferred from the observable signals.
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Differential leveling is a precise method in surveying used to determine the elevation difference between two points. Its primary goal is to establish accurate vertical measurements to create level surfaces or grade lines critical for designing and constructing infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings.The procedure for differential leveling begins with setting up and leveling the instrument at a point where the benchmark can be seen. The level rod is held on the benchmark (BM), and...
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Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

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Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next...
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Downsampling01:20

Downsampling

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When considering a sampled sequence with zero values between sampling instants, one can replace it by taking every N-th value of the sequence. At these integer multiples of N, the original and sampled sequences coincide. This process, known as decimation, involves extracting every N-th sample from a sequence, thereby creating a more efficient sequence.
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Unified implementation of global high dynamic range image tone-mapping algorithms.

Ishtiaq Rasool Khan1, Susanto Rahardja2

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering : MBE
|April 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a unified tone-mapping structure for high dynamic range (HDR) to low dynamic range (LDR) conversion. It enables real-time processing of HDR images and video with consistent accuracy and speed.

Keywords:
HDR displaygeneric TMO designhigh dynamic range imagingtone-mappingunified implementation of TMO

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Image Processing
  • Computer Graphics

Background:

  • High dynamic range (HDR) content requires tone-mapping for display on standard low dynamic range (LDR) screens.
  • Existing tone-mapping operators vary in implementation and execution time, hindering real-time applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a unified structure for representing global tone-mapping algorithms.
  • To enable real-time conversion of HDR to LDR content with fixed execution time.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a unified structure using an array of 256 coefficients to represent any global tone-mapping algorithm.
  • Extracted coefficients offline for each HDR image or video frame.
  • Utilized linear interpolation for real-time HDR to LDR conversion.

Main Results:

  • The proposed unified structure accurately replicates LDR images produced by original tone-mapping algorithms.
  • Achieved very low and fixed execution time, independent of algorithm and content type, dependent only on image size.
  • Experimental studies confirmed the accuracy and time efficiency of the unified implementation.

Conclusions:

  • The unified structure offers a versatile and efficient solution for real-time tone-mapping of HDR content.
  • This approach standardizes tone-mapping implementation, improving performance and consistency across different algorithms.