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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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Optical Coherence Tomography and Coronary Dissection: Precious Tool or Useless Surplus?
Lucia Barbieri1, Andrea D'Errico1, Carlo Avallone1
1Cardiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|April 18, 2022
Summary
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) aids in diagnosing spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), a cause of heart attack. However, OCT carries risks, requiring a balance between diagnostic benefits and potential complications.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Imaging
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute myocardial infarction.
- High-resolution imaging is crucial for SCAD diagnosis and characterization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diagnosing SCAD.
- To assess the benefits and risks associated with using OCT for SCAD evaluation.
Main Methods:
- Utilized optical coherence tomography (OCT) for its high spatial resolution (10-20 μm).
- Analyzed OCT's ability to visualize coronary vessel layers, double lumen morphology, and lesion extension.
Main Results:
- OCT effectively visualizes SCAD morphology, including double lumens and entry breaches.
- OCT provides detailed assessment of lesion's longitudinal and circumferential extension.
Conclusions:
- OCT is a valuable diagnostic tool for SCAD, offering detailed anatomical insights.
- The use of OCT in SCAD requires careful consideration of potential procedural risks, such as aggravating dissections.
- Limited literature exists due to SCAD's rarity and OCT's recent clinical introduction.
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