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Leukocyte functions.

P van der Valk, C J Herman

    Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Advances in leukocyte function testing aid in diagnosing immune disorders. This review guides clinical labs on essential functional tests for granulocytes and monocytes impacting patient management and diagnosis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology and Hematology
    • Clinical Laboratory Science

    Background:

    • Leukocyte function knowledge has expanded significantly due to advanced assessment techniques.
    • These advancements provide insights into immune system functioning and various disease entities.
    • Subtle white blood cell functional disturbances are increasingly recognized as causes of disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a practical guide for clinical laboratories on leukocyte function testing.
    • To focus on functional tests with direct impact on patient management and diagnosis.
    • To review granulocyte, monocyte, and lymphocyte physiology, dysfunction, and testing.

    Main Methods:

    • Discussion of clinically relevant leukocyte dysfunctions and laboratory testing techniques.
    • Evaluation of diagnostic utility and patient management implications for functional tests.

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  • Specific methods include granulocyte migration assays for chemotaxis and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction for respiratory burst.

    • Main Results:

    • Key granulocyte defects involve chemotaxis, respiratory burst, and intracellular microbial killing.
    • Defects in chemotaxis are linked to Lazy Leukocyte Syndrome and Job's Syndrome.
    • Impaired respiratory burst defines Chronic Granulomatous Disease and related disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • Functional leukocyte testing is crucial for diagnosing and managing specific immune deficiencies.
    • Granulocyte function tests, particularly for chemotaxis and respiratory burst, are diagnostically valuable.
    • Monocyte functions are important but less characterized; further research is needed.