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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 26, 2025

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

Published on: October 28, 2022

Subtalar dislocation: a narrative review.

G Lugani¹, M Rigoni², L Puddu²

¹Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy. giovannilugani@gmail.com.

Musculoskeletal Surgery

|April 18, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Subtalar joint dislocations, particularly lateral ones, pose surgical challenges. Lateral dislocations often result from high-energy trauma, frequently requiring surgical intervention due to associated injuries and potential complications.

Keywords:

Acquired clubfoot Acquired flatfoot Foot and ankle trauma Irreducible dislocation Lateral subtalar dislocation Subtalar dislocation

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Trauma Management
Foot and Ankle Injuries

Background:

Subtalar joint dislocation involves the talonavicular and talocalcaneal joints without other foot involvement.
Medial dislocations are most common (85%), followed by lateral (15%), posterior (2.5%), and anterior (1%).
Lateral dislocations frequently involve soft tissue or bone fragment entrapment, necessitating open reduction and posing risks of infection and associated injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the key characteristics of subtalar dislocations.
To identify critical challenges and pitfalls in managing subtalar joint dislocations.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive review of 47 articles published over the last 30 years, encompassing 389 cases.
Analysis of dislocation characteristics including direction, bone exposure, need for open reduction, surgical stabilization, associated injuries, and diagnostic methods.

Main Results:

Medial dislocations (68.1%) are more prevalent than lateral dislocations (27.7%).
Lateral dislocations exhibit significantly higher rates of bone exposure (44.5%), associated lesions (44.5%), and require surgical reduction (48.2%).

Conclusions:

Subtalar dislocations, especially lateral types, present considerable surgical difficulties.
Lateral subtalar dislocations typically result from high-energy trauma and often include associated injuries.
Closed reduction may fail, mandating surgical intervention; CT scans are recommended post-reduction.