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Early factors associated with risk of developmental coordination disorder in very preterm children: A prospective

Stefania Zoia1, Marina Biancotto1, Barbara Caravale2

  • 1Struttura Complessa Tutela Salute Bambini Adolescenti Donne Famiglia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|April 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) risk is higher in very preterm children with male sex, intrauterine growth restriction, retinopathy of prematurity, and older maternal age. Maternal milk feeding and higher socioeconomic status were protective factors.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a motor disorder with unknown causes, potentially impacting daily life and health.
  • Previous studies on DCD risk factors have yielded inconsistent results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate DCD risk in school-aged very preterm children in Italy using a parent-report tool.
  • To identify early biomedical and sociodemographic factors associated with DCD risk in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study of 804 very preterm children (assessed at 8-11 years) in Italy.
  • DCD risk assessed via the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ-IT); exclusions included cognitive deficit, cerebral palsy, and severe sensory impairments.
  • Statistical analysis used inverse probability weighting and modified Poisson models to determine adjusted risk ratios (aRR).

Main Results:

  • 195 children (31.8%) screened positive for DCD risk.
  • Associated risk factors included male sex (aRR 1.35), intrauterine growth restriction (aRR 1.45), retinopathy of prematurity (aRR 1.62), and older maternal age (aRR 1.39).
  • Complete maternal milk feeding and higher parental socioeconomic status were associated with reduced DCD risk.

Conclusions:

  • Both biomedical and sociodemographic factors significantly influence DCD risk in very preterm children.
  • Findings aid in understanding DCD origins and identifying at-risk children for early intervention.
Abstract

Keywords:
developmental coordination disorderearly diagnosisrisk factorsvery preterm birth

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