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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Zwitterionic/active ester block polymers as multifunctional coatings for polyurethane-based substrates.

Zhuangzhang Ma1, Jin Sun1, Xiaohan Dong1

  • 1Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu 210023, China. liups@njnu.edu.cn.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a new coating for polyurethane implants to prevent infections and blood clots. The advanced polymer coating significantly reduces bacterial and cell adhesion, improving implant safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Engineering

Background:

  • Biomedical implants face challenges with bacterial infection, blood coagulation, and tissue adhesion.
  • Polyurethane (PU) is a common material for implants but requires surface modification to mitigate these issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a general strategy for simultaneously addressing infection, coagulation, and adhesion on PU substrates.
  • To create well-defined zwitterionic/active ester block polymers for surface modification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to synthesize pSBMA-b-pNHSMA block polymers.
  • Covalently attached block polymers to polydopamine-pretreated PU substrates via amine-active ester chemistry.
  • Evaluated surface properties using water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Main Results:

  • Block polymers with a 40-unit pSBMA segment significantly prevented protein adsorption, bacterial/platelet adhesion, and cell attachment within 24 hours.
  • A longer pSBMA segment (100 units) provided long-term antibacterial (14 days) and anti-cell attachment (5 days) properties.
  • The coating enhanced surface lubricity without compromising mechanical properties.

Conclusions:

  • A novel strategy using zwitterionic/active ester block polymers effectively enhances the biocompatibility of PU substrates.
  • The length of the zwitterionic segment dictates the duration and type of antifouling properties.
  • This approach holds significant potential for various PU-based biomedical implants and devices.