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An energetics-performance framework for wild fishes.

Jacob W Brownscombe1, Graham D Raby2, Karen J Murchie3

  • 1Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada.

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Fish bioenergetics and metabolic performance are key to understanding how environmental changes impact fish behavior and survival. New frameworks help predict how fish will adapt to warming waters and changing ecosystems.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Fish Physiology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Fish bioenergetics links environmental conditions to behavior, distribution, and fitness.
  • Metabolic performance, like aerobic scope, has debated ecological roles.
  • Temperature predictably increases fish energetic demands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce an energetics-performance framework to explain fish ecology.
  • Predict how temperature, energy demands, and metabolic performance interact with ecological factors.
  • Highlight the role of metabolic flexibility in responding to environmental change.

Main Methods:

  • Develop a theoretical framework integrating energetics and performance.
  • Formulate testable predictions on fish responses to environmental variability.
  • Discuss technological advancements enabling wild fish bioenergetics measurements.

Main Results:

  • Ecological context determines if energy expenditure or metabolic performance drives fish responses.
  • Prey availability and predator-prey distributions can shift optimal temperature selection.
  • Metabolic flexibility is crucial for adapting to changing environmental conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework offers a mechanistic understanding of fish ecology.
  • Testing predictions advances knowledge of species and ecosystem responses to climate change.
  • Improved measurement techniques facilitate wild fish bioenergetics research.