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Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

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Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 26, 2025

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
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Neo-Darwinism must Mutate to survive.

Olen R Brown1, David A Hullender2

  • 1Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri- Columbia, USA.

Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology
|April 19, 2022
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Summary

Survival of the fittest is insufficient for macroevolution, challenging current evolutionary biology. New theories are needed, integrating mathematics and novel concepts for a unifying theory of life's evolution.

Keywords:
EvolutionModern synthesisNegentropyProbabilitySelectionSelforganizationSurvival of fittest

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Theoretical Physics

Background:

  • Darwinian evolution, a 19th-century concept, has evolved significantly.
  • Microevolution is empirically verified, but progress in the modern synthesis is limited.
  • The concept of 'survival of the fittest' has been central but faces scrutiny.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide evidence that 'survival of the fittest' is insufficient for macroevolution.
  • To challenge the adequacy of the modern synthesis in evolutionary biology.
  • To propose a new direction for evolutionary theory, incorporating mathematics and novel concepts.

Main Methods:

  • Probabilistic calculations based on microevolutionary data.
  • Analysis of the plausibility of macroevolutionary events under current theories.
  • Review of existing evolutionary mechanisms and their limitations.

Main Results:

  • Macroevolutionary events, including speciation and the Cambrian explosion, are probabilistically highly implausible (10^-50) under 'survival of the fittest'.
  • Mechanisms like random genetic drift do not salvage macroevolution based on 'survival of the fittest'.
  • Current evolutionary biology faces deficiencies, particularly concerning the limitations of 'survival of the fittest'.

Conclusions:

  • A unifying theory for evolutionary biology is needed, potentially modeled after physics' Grand Unified Theory.
  • Rigorous mathematical application to empirical discoveries and a shift to 'aeon (life) chemistry' are essential.
  • Novel approaches, including self-organization and negentropy, should be explored to address evolutionary deficiencies.