Controlling forward and backward rotary molecular motion on demand.

Area of Science:

• Synthetic chemistry
• Materials science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Synthetic molecular machines offer tunable properties for smart materials.
• Controlling molecular machines with multiple stimuli is essential for complex applications.
• Reversibly switching light-driven rotary motion presents a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and synthesize a photo-responsive molecule controllable by orthogonal stimuli.
• To achieve reversible switching between unidirectional rotary motion and molecular switching functions.
• To demonstrate orthogonal control over distinct forward and backward molecular motions.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of a push-pull substituted photo-responsive overcrowded alkene.
• Investigation of molecular function under varying protonation and environmental polarity.
• Characterization of light-driven rotary motion and switching behavior.

Main Results:

• A novel overcrowded alkene functions as both a rotary motor and a molecular switch.
• Molecular function is toggled by protonation state and environmental polarity.
• Orthogonal control over distinct forward and backward motions was achieved.

Conclusions:

• The developed molecule offers a simple, stable platform for advanced molecular machines.
• This work paves the way for creating sophisticated molecular devices with tunable properties.
• The concept enables precise control over molecular motion for smart materials applications.