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Hip microinstability diagnosis and management: a systematic review.
Dan Cohen1, Pierre-Olivier Jean1, Milin Patel2
1Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University Medical Centre, 1200 Main St West, 4E15, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada.
Summary
This review highlights anterior hip pain and instability during movement as key symptoms of hip micro-instability. Appropriate treatment based on the cause, such as iatrogenic factors or laxity, can improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanical Engineering
Background:
- Hip micro-instability is a challenging condition characterized by subtle joint instability.
- Understanding its causes, diagnosis, and management is crucial for effective patient care.
Approach:
- A systematic review of 9 studies (189 patients) was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed.
- Data were synthesized descriptively due to heterogeneity in outcome reporting.
- Level IV evidence was analyzed.
Key Points:
- Common diagnostic features include anterior hip pain (78%) and a feeling of instability during gait (81%).
- Physical examination often reveals anterior apprehension with hip extension and external rotation (65%).
- Primary causes identified are iatrogenic factors (62%) and soft tissue laxity (31%).
Conclusions:
- Anterior hip pain and specific examination findings are indicative of hip micro-instability.
- Tailored treatment strategies addressing the underlying cause are essential for improving patient outcomes.
