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Interventions to Increase HIV Testing Uptake in Global Settings.

Radhika Sundararajan1,2, Matthew Ponticiello3, Denis Nansera4,5

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Improving HIV testing is crucial for connecting people living with HIV (PLWH) to treatment. Recent facility- and community-based interventions show promise in increasing HIV testing uptake globally.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • HIV/AIDS Research

Background:

  • HIV testing is essential for linking people living with HIV (PLWH) to treatment and care.
  • Global efforts are ongoing to achieve the UNAIDS target of 95% of PLWH knowing their status by 2030.
  • Despite progress, significant gaps remain in HIV status awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent interventions aimed at improving HIV testing uptake worldwide.
  • To highlight successful strategies in both facility-based and community-based settings.
  • To identify areas for future research and intervention development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent global interventions for HIV testing.
  • Analysis of facility-based strategies including couples testing, index testing, and partner notification.
  • Examination of community-based approaches like home-based self-testing, mobile outreach, and hybrid models.

Main Results:

  • Facility-based interventions utilizing couples and index testing, partner notification, and incentives have shown success.
  • Community-based strategies, including home-based self-testing and mobile outreach, have enhanced testing in low-resource settings and among priority populations.
  • Partnerships with community leaders have improved testing rates in disproportionately affected populations.

Conclusions:

  • A range of facility- and community-based interventions are advancing HIV testing globally.
  • Further research is needed to effectively engage men in sub-Saharan Africa, people who inject drugs, and those who avoid biomedical care.
  • Future interventions should prioritize linkage to care for individuals newly diagnosed with HIV.