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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Published on: August 25, 2014
Care with child development and André Bullinger's special look at prematurity
Mônica Regina da Silva Raiol1, Sylvie Viaux Savelon2, Marcia Maria Dos Santos de Moraes3
1Universidade Paris 7, Paris, França.
Insights
This review examines developmental care for preterm infants and families, highlighting the Kangaroo Method, NIDCAP, and the Bullinger Approach. These methods support infant development and family well-being in neonatal units.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal care
- Developmental psychology
- Family-centered care
Background:
- Neonatal units require effective developmental care strategies for preterm infants and their families.
- André Bullinger's work offers a unique perspective on sensory-motor development in early childhood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess diverse developmental care approaches for preterm infants and families in neonatal settings.
- To emphasize the contributions of André Bullinger's research in this field.
Main Methods:
- Literature review across PubMed, SciELO, and Cairn.info databases.
- Inclusion of André Bullinger's books and articles, primarily in French.
- Synthesis of findings from established developmental care programs.
Main Results:
- The Kangaroo Method promotes skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding.
- Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) optimizes the neonatal environment for infant-led development.
- The Bullinger Approach utilizes a sensory-motor framework for preterm infant development.
Conclusions:
- The Kangaroo Method has transformed care in resource-limited settings.
- NIDCAP demonstrates efficiency, though long-term data is limited.
- The Bullinger Approach shows promise in preventing neurodevelopmental issues, particularly orality-related challenges, and is widely adopted in Europe.
Objective:
To assess different ways of caring for preterm infants' development and for their families in neonatal units, with emphasis on the studies by André Bullinger.
Data Source:
A review of the literature in the databases PubMed, SciELO, and the Cairn.info portal, which publishes reviews in human sciences in French. Also, the books and articles of André Bullinger, available only in French, were reviewed.
Data Synthesis:
This review includes the Kangaroo Method, which is based on skin to skin contact and the encouragement of breastfeeding; the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP), based on the Synaptic Developmental Theory and aiming to positively change the neonatal environment, having the preterm newborn as the actor of their own development and the mother as a regulator; and the Bullinger Approach, which uses a sensory-motor perspective to approach child development, including preterm infants' development.
Conclusions:
The Kangaroo Method has changed child developmental care in countries with limited financial resources. NIDCAP was shown to be efficient, although only a few long-term studies have been conducted on the subject. The Bullinger Approach is well diffused in European neonatal units, with promising results for the prevention of neurodevelopmental disabilities, especially those related to orality.
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