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Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity
Published on: March 16, 2018
Protective effect of ethyl pyruvate on amikacin-induced ototoxicity in rats
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey. drserkandedeoglu@gmail.com.
Objective:
Amikacin (AMK) is a widely used antibiotic, but its ototoxic side effects limit its use. This study investigated the effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP), known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, against AMK ototoxicity.
Materials And Methods:
32 Wistar albino rats (n: 8) were used in this study. To cause ototoxicity, AMK 600 mg/kg/day dose was applied intramuscularly for 14 days. EP was administered via ip at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 14 days.
Results:
The Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) tests were performed on the study's 0, 7, and 14 days. The results have shown that the hearing functions were significantly impaired with the AMK application. A significant improvement was observed in the AMK+EP group. While total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were found to be significantly higher in the AMK group compared to the control group, total antioxidant status (TAS) level was found to be significantly lower. In the AMK+EP group, on the other hand, deterioration in TOS, OSI, and MDA levels detected in the AMK group was not observed. No elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were present in the EP+AMK group, which were detected in the AMK group.
Conclusions:
Hearing tests and biochemical results show that ethyl pyruvate has protective effects against amikacin ototoxicity due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Insights
Ethyl pyruvate (EP) protects against amikacin (AMK) induced ototoxicity. This study shows EP's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties mitigate AMK's harmful effects on hearing function.
Area of Science:
- Ototoxicity research
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Amikacin (AMK) is a vital antibiotic, but its use is restricted by ototoxic side effects.
- Ethyl pyruvate (EP) possesses known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) against amikacin (AMK) induced ototoxicity.
- To evaluate the biochemical and functional changes associated with AMK ototoxicity and EP intervention.
Main Methods:
- Wistar albino rats were administered AMK (600 mg/kg/day) or AMK + EP (50 mg/kg/day) for 14 days.
- Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) were assessed.
- Biochemical markers of oxidative stress (TOS, OSI, MDA) and inflammation (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Amikacin administration significantly impaired hearing function, increased oxidative stress markers (TOS, OSI, MDA), and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- Ethyl pyruvate treatment significantly improved hearing function in the AMK+EP group.
- EP intervention normalized oxidative stress markers and prevented the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines seen with AMK alone.
Conclusions:
- Ethyl pyruvate demonstrates significant protective effects against amikacin-induced ototoxicity.
- The protective mechanism of EP involves its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.
- EP represents a potential therapeutic agent to mitigate amikacin's ototoxic side effects.
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