Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 26, 2025
07:21
Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion using Osmotic Pumps Induces Aortic Aneurysms in Mice
Published on: September 28, 2015
38.1K
Hereditary Angioedema: A Review.
1Division of Allergy/Clinical Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, hzafra@mcw.edu.
Summary
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare condition caused by excess bradykinin. This review updates evidence-based treatment recommendations for diagnosing and managing HAE.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Genetics
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent swelling attacks.
- Pathogenesis involves overproduction of bradykinin, leading to increased vascular permeability.
- Affects superficial tissues, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory mucosa, causing significant disability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the underlying pathogenesis of hereditary angioedema.
- To provide an update on evidence-based treatment recommendations for HAE.
- To assist clinicians in the diagnosis and management of HAE.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pathogenesis.
- Synthesis of current evidence for treatment strategies.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical management guidelines.
Main Results:
- Detailed explanation of the bradykinin-mediated pathway in HAE.
- Summary of newly recommended diagnostic approaches.
- Overview of updated therapeutic options, including acute and long-term management.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis and timely management are crucial for improving patient outcomes in HAE.
- Understanding HAE pathogenesis guides the selection of effective treatments.
- Clinicians should stay updated on evidence-based recommendations for optimal HAE care.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management
56
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
56
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
539
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
539
01:30Aneurysm I: Introduction
36
An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
36
01:30Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
944
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
944
01:18Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
236
Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
236
01:25Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors
862
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
862