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Isotope Labels Combined with Solution NMR Spectroscopy Make Visible the Invisible Conformations of Small-to-Large
Theodore K Dayie1, Lukasz T Olenginski1, Kehinde M Taiwo1
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.
Chemical Reviews
|April 20, 2022
Summary
Stable isotope labeling in RNA enables Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies of complex RNA structures. Selective labeling overcomes challenges, advancing RNA structural biology and understanding of its role in cellular functions and diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Structural Biology
- Chemical Biology
Background:
- RNA is crucial for cellular processes and implicated in diseases, but its structural biology is less understood than proteins.
- Solution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy offers atomic-resolution insights into RNA structure and dynamics.
- Studying RNA with NMR is challenging due to spectral crowding and broad linewidths, especially for larger RNAs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the development of selective isotope labeling technologies for RNA.
- To highlight the application of these technologies in studying biologically relevant RNAs and their complexes using NMR spectroscopy.
Main Methods:
- Development and application of selective isotope labeling strategies for RNA.
- Utilizing solution NMR spectroscopy to analyze RNA structures and dynamics.
- Studying RNA complexes ranging from 5 to 300 kDa.
Main Results:
- Selective isotope labeling effectively overcomes spectral crowding and broad linewidths in RNA NMR.
- These labeling techniques enable detailed structural and dynamic analysis of large and complex RNA molecules.
- The reviewed methods have been successfully applied to various biologically significant RNAs and their complexes.
Conclusions:
- Selective isotope labeling is a powerful strategy to advance RNA structural biology via NMR spectroscopy.
- This approach facilitates a deeper mechanistic understanding of RNA chemical biology and its functional roles.
- The reviewed technologies open new avenues for studying RNA-related medical dysfunctions.
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